How Teachers’ Beliefs Influence Reading Instruction
A case Study of Senior High School in Lamongan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/foster-jelt.v7i4.509Keywords:
Teachers’ Beliefs, EFL Teachers, Classroom Practices, Reading InstructionsAbstract
This study examines the sources of teachers’ beliefs about reading instruction and the ways in which these beliefs are manifested in classroom practices. Employing a qualitative descriptive case study design, the study involved three English teachers at SMAN 1 Karangbinangun Lamongan. East Java. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations and analysed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings identify four principal sources of teachers’ beliefs: experiences as language learners, teaching experiences, personal teaching philosophies and pedagogical preferences, and research-based educational knowledge. Interview data illustrate how these beliefs developed, whereas classroom observations demonstrate how they were enacted through instructional methods and teachers’ roles as facilitators, informants, organizers, and assessors. The study offers context-specific insights into the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and reading instruction without making claims about broader generalizability.
References
Abdi, H. (2015). A Synopsis of Researches on Teachers ’ and Students ’ Beliefs about Language Learning. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163157837
Basturkmen, H. (2012). Review of research into the correspondence between language teachers’ stated beliefs and practices. System, 40(2), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2012.05.001
BNSP. (2006). Panduan Penyusunan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan 2006. c, 1–23.
Borg, M. (2001). Teachers’ beliefs. In ELT Journal (Vol. 55).
Borg, S. (2003). Teacher cognition in language teaching: A review of research on what language teachers think, know, believe, and do. Language Teaching, Cambridge University Press, 81–109. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444803001903
Borg, S. (2015). Teacher cognition and language education.
Borko, H., Shavelson, R. J., Stern, P., & Borko, H. (2015). Teachers ’ decisions in the planning of reading instruction. 16(3), 449–466.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=mToqEAAAQBAJ
Braun, V., Clarke, V., Braun, V., Clarke, V., Braun, I., & Clarke, V. (2022). Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. Psychology Teaching Review, 28(1), 64–65. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpsptr.2022.28.1.64
Broek, P. Van Den, & Helder, A. (2017). Cognitive Processes in Discourse Comprehension?: Passive Processes , Reader-Initiated Processes , and Evolving Mental Representations Cognitive Processes in Discourse Comprehension?: Passive Processes , Reader-Initiated Processes , and Evolving Mental. Discourse Processes, 00(00), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163853X.2017.1306677
Burns, A. (2010). Doing Action Research in English Language Teaching. Routledge Taylor & Francis.
Busa, J., & Chung, S.-J. (2024). The effects of teacher-centered and student-centered approaches in TOEIC reading instruction. Education Sciences, 14(2), 181.
Calderhead, J. (1996). Teachers: Beliefs and knowledge. In Handbook of educational psychology. (pp. 709–725). Prentice Hall International.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design 2nd edition. In International Journal of Birth and Parent Education.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gX1ZDwAAQBAJ
Dörnyei, Z. (2001). Motivational Strategies in the Language Classroom. In Cambridge Language Teaching Library. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511667343
Duke, N. K., Ward, A. E., & Pearson, P. D. (2021). The Science of Reading Comprehension Instruction. 74(6), 663–672. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1993
Elliott, J. (1991). Action Research for Educational Change. Open University Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=DlOgQgAACAAJ
Fang, Z. (1996). A review of research on teacher beliefs and practices. Educational Research, 38(1), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013188960380104
Farrell, T. (2013). Reflective practice in ESL teacher development groups: From practices to principles. Springer.
Farrell, T. S. C. (2015). Promoting Teacher Reflection in Second Language Education?: A Framework for TESOL Professionals. 12(1).
Farrell, T. S. C. (2018). Reflective Practice for Language Teachers. In The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching (pp. 1–6). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0873
Farrell, T. S. C., & Ives, J. (2015). Exploring teacher beliefs and classroom practices through reflective practice: A case study. Language Teaching Research, 19(5), 594–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168814541722
Fatmawaty, R., Faridah, F., Aquariza, N. R., & Nurahmada, A. (2022). Folklore as Local Culture-Based Material for Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension of Narrative Text. Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa & Seni Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP, 9(2), 205. https://doi.org/10.33394/jo-elt.v9i2.6338
Fatmawaty, R., & Sholihah, S. N. (2020). the Effect of Applying Socrative on Students’ Reading Ability. E-Link Journal, 7(2), 48. https://doi.org/10.30736/ej.v7i2.336
Fives, H., & Buehl, M. M. (2012). Spring cleaning for the “messy” construct of teachers’ beliefs: What are they? Which have been examined? What can they tell us? In APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 2: Individual differences and cultural and contextual factors. (pp. 471–499). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13274-019
Fives, H., & Gill, M. G. (2015). International Handbook of Research on Teachers ’ Beliefs (H. F. Gill & M. Gregoire (eds.)). Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Gao, L. X., & Zhang, L. J. (2020). Teacher Learning in Difficult Times?: Examining Foreign Language Teachers ’ Cognitions About Online Teaching to Tide Over COVID-19. 11(September), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.549653
Gatbonton, E. (2008). Looking beyond teachers’ classroom behaviour: Novice and experienced ESL teachers’ pedagogical knowledge. Language Teaching Research, 12(2), 161–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168807086286
Gilakjani, A. P., & Sabouri, N. B. (2017). Teachers ’ Beliefs in English Language Teaching and Learning?: A Review of the Literature. 10(4), 78–86. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n4p78
Given, L. M. (2008). The Sage encyclopedia of qualitative research methods. Sage Publications.
Hamied, F. A., & Malik, R. S. (2017). Research methods: A guide for first-time researchers. Bandung: UPI Press.
Harmer, J. (1998). How to Teach English (p. 212). Longman.
Harmer, J. (2008). The Practice of nglish Languag Teaching (Pearson Education Limited (ed.); Fourth Edi).
Johnson, K. E. (1994). The emerging beliefs and instructional practices of preservice English as a second language teachers. In Teaching and Teacher Education (Vol. 10, Issue 4, pp. 439–452). Elsevier Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/0742-051X(94)90024-8
Junaidi, F. (2022). Improving Students ’ Social Intelligence Using Folktales during the Covid-. 15(3), 209–228.
Kelchtermans, G. (2009). Who I am in how I teach is the message: Self-understanding, vulnerability and reflection. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 15, 257–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540600902875332
Kuzborska, I. (2011). Links between teachers ’ beliefs and practices and research on reading. 23(1), 102–128.
Larenas, C. D., & Hernandez, Paola Alarcon Navarrete, M. O. (2015). A Case Study on EFL Teachers ’ Beliefs About the Teaching and Learning of English in Public. In Porta Linguarium (Vol. 23, pp. 171–186).
Leedy, D. P., & Ormrod, J. E. (2018). Practical Research Planning & Design Eleventh Edition. In Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis (Vol. 12, Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy097
Levitt, H. (2020). Reporting qualitative research in psychology: How to meet APA Style Journal Article Reporting Standards (Revised Edition). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000179-000
Mansour, N. (2008). The Experiences and Personal Religious Beliefs of Egyptian Science Teachers as a Framework for Understanding the Shaping and Reshaping of their Beliefs and Practices about Science- Technology-Society ( STS ). 788724692. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690701463303
Mansour, N. (2014). Science Teachers ’ Beliefs and Practices?: Issues , Implications and Research Agenda Science Teachers ’ Beliefs and Practices?: Issues , Implications and Research Agenda Definition of Beliefs. January 2009.
Meisani, D. R., & Rambet, R. D. B. (2017). TEACHERS ’ BELIEFS REGARDING LANGUAGE LEARNER AUTONOMY AND PRACTICES OF PROJECT-BASED EDUCATION?: A CASE STUDY OF AN INDONESIAN EFL TEACHER. 8(2), 141–149.
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. Wiley. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=JFN_BwAAQBAJ
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). A Qualitative Data Analysis. In Sage Publication (Vol. 1304, pp. 89–92). Sage Publication.
Mutiaraningrum, I. (2020). EFL teachers ’ beliefs and practices about digital learning of English. 5(2), 304–321.
Nation, I. S. P., & Newton, J. (2015). Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking. In Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203891704
Nguyen, V. S. (2023). EFL High School Teachers ’ Beliefs and Practices of Learner Autonomy. 20(1), 91–108.
Nugraheni, A. D., Nurkamto, J., & Putra, K. A. (2023). Teachers ’ Multilingualism Belief and Practice in Indonesian EFL Classroom. 15, 2655–2665. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.2908
Nurkamto, J., Drajati, N. A., & Karlina, Y. (2021). Teachers ’ beliefs and practices in teaching reading at Islamic secondary schools in Indonesia. 10(3), 667–676.
Özmen, K. S. (2012). Exploring Student Teachers ’ Beliefs about Language Learning and Teaching?: A Longitudinal Study. 15(1).
Pajares, M. F. (2018). Teachers ’ Beliefs and Educational Research?: Cleaning up a Messy Construct Author ( s ): M . Frank Pajares Source?: Review of Educational Research , Vol . 62 , No . 3 ( Autumn , 1992 ), pp . 307-332 Published by?: American Educational Research Associatio. 62(3), 307–332.
Puspitasari, E. (2020). Teacher ’ s Belief about the Implementation of Curriculum 2013 in English Language Teacher ’ s Belief about the Implementation of Curriculum 2013 in English Language. 101–111. https://doi.org/10.30605/25409190.171
Rahman, M. M., Kaur, M., Singh, M., Lecturer, S., Sains, U., Pandian, A., & Teaching, C. L. (2018). Exploring ESL Teacher Beliefs and Classroom Practices of CLT?: A Case Study. 11(1), 295–310.
Renandya, W., & Widodo, H. (2016). English Language Teaching Today: Linking Theory and Practice (Vol. 5). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38834-2
Richards, J. C., & Lockhart, C. (1994). Reflective Teaching in Second Language Classrooms. Cambridge University Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=u5VECdm4HycC
Richards, J. C., & Lockhart, C. (1996). Reflective teaching in second language classrooms. In System (Vol. 24, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1016/0346-251x(96)84114-5
Richards, J. C., & Schmidt, R. W. (2013). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833835
Richardson, V., Anders, P., Tidwell, D., & Lloyd, C. (1991). The Relationship Between Teachers ’ Beliefs and Practices in Reading Comprehension Instruction. 28(3), 559–586.
Salam, A., & Khalek, A. (2004). El-Koumy, Abdel Salam, Metacognition and Reading Comprehension: Current Trends in Theory and Research. Education Resources Information Center (ERIC). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2364871
Shank, G. D. (2013). Qualitative Research?: A Personal Skills Approach. In Reflective Analysis. https://doi.org/10.7761/9789738798007_1
Tracy, S. J. (2024). Qualitative research methods: Collecting evidence, crafting analysis, communicating impact. John Wiley & Sons.
Woldetensay, S. (2025). Language Teaching and Educational Research. 8(1), 71–93. https://doi.org/10.35207/later.1584200
Yunus, M. M. (2022). Multimodal Teaching Practices for EFL Education?: An Action Based Research Study Teacher Multimodal Teaching Practices for EFL Teacher Education?: An Action Based Research Study. 13(1), 141–148. https://doi.org/10.47750/jett.2022.13.01.016
Zakaria, F. (2023). Pedagogy?: Journal of English Language Teaching A Grounded Theory of Indonesian English Teacher Educators ’ Professional and Identity Development in a Blended Professional Development Community. 11(2), 176–201. https://doi.org/10.32332/joelt.v11i2.8076.Journal
Zhang, J. (2023). EFL teachers ’ digital literacy?: the role of contextual factors in their literacy development. July, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153339
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Riryn Fatmawaty; Whindy Ema Azielina, Fita Faridah, Dian Luthfiyati

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.




.jpg)
1.jpg)
.jpg)



