Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the experiences of visually impaired students in utilizing Non-Visual Desktop Access (NVDA) as a medium for English language learning in an inclusive classroom at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo, Indonesia. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach. Three visually impaired students were sampled for the study. Data collection was conducted through an interview and observation method. The data was analyzed qualitatively with the help of thematic analysis. The research was also guided by the Technology Acceptance Model and the Constructivist Learning Theory. The study found that NVDA is an effective medium for English language learning for visually impaired students. It helps the students access English language texts easily. NVDA also helps the students to be independent and build confidence in completing English language learning tasks. However, the research also found that NVDA has some limitations. It cannot handle non-text and multimodal content such as images, tables, graphs, and visually dense presentation materials. The research concluded that NVDA is not only an assistive technology but also a pedagogical support for English language learners.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the FOSTER: Journal of English Language Teaching published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
References
- Amaliani, R., Yunitasari, S. E., Fajriah, D., & Gustini, E. (2024). Sarana Dan Prasarana Sekolah Inklusi “Kunci Sukses Pendidikan Inklusi “. 10.
- Ariyanto, D., Pertiwi, E. P., Zamzami, M. H. A., & Hermawan, A. (2022). Pengaruh Aplikasi NVDA Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Tunanetra Universitas PGRI Argopuro Jember. Education Journal: Journal Educational Research and Development, 6(2), 170–176. Https://Doi.Org/10.31537/Ej.V6i2.742
- Azzahra, A. H., Safitri, D., & Sujarwo, S. (2024). Peran Teknologi Non-Visual Desktop Access (NVDA) Untuk Siswa Tunanetra Dalam Proses Pembelajaran. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 1(4), 7. Https://Doi.Org/10.47134/Jtp.V1i4.606
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research In Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. Https://Doi.Org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
- Carabalí-Mendez, A., & Mendoza-Moreira, F. (2021). Non-Visual Desktop Access (NVDA) En La Formación De Postgrado De Una Persona No Vidente.: Autobiografía. 593 Digital Publisher CEIT, 6(2–1), 53–62. Https://Doi.Org/10.33386/593dp.2021.2-1.460
- Choi, G. W., & Seo, J. (2024). Accessibility, Usability, And Universal Design For Learning: Discussion Of Three Key LX/UX Elements For Inclusive Learning Design. Techtrends, 68(5), 936–945. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S11528-024-00987-6
- Creswell, J. W. (2014). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting And Evaluating Quantitative And Qualitative Research (Pearson New International Edition, Fourth Edition). Pearson.
- Dewi, W. P. (2024). Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusif Pada Sekolah Penyelenggara Pendidikan Inklusif Jenjang SMP Di Kota Tangerang. Journal Of Education Research, 5(1), 643–650.
- Djari, T. R. W. (2025). Penerapan NVDA Berbasis Metode SAS Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Braille Bagi Anak Tunanetra Di SLB Negeri 01 Bantul. Literal: Disability Studies Journal, 3(01), 12–26. Https://Doi.Org/10.62385/Literal.V3i01.161
- Dr. Benny A. Pribadi, M.A. (2017). Media_Dan_Teknologi_Dalam_Pembelajaran_E. PRENADAMEDIA GROUP.
- Fahkrunisa, L., Warrahmah, M., Maharani, S., & Hanjarwati, A. (2023). Pengenalan Pentingnya Berbahasa Inggris Pada Anak Tunanetra Di Sekolah Luar Biasa. Journal Of Disability Studies And Research (JDSR), 2(2), 12–23.
- Grusec, Joan. (2025). Social Learning Theory and Developmental Psychology: The Legacies Of Robert Sears and Albert Bandura. Researchgate. Https://Www.Researchgate.Net/Publication/232605924_Social_Learning_Theory_And_Developmental_Psychology_The_Legacies_Of_Robert_Sears_And_Albert_Bandura
- Inayah, Y., & Prasetyo, T. (2025). Meningkatkan Kualitas Belajar Melalui Teknologi Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Untuk Anak Yang Berkebutuhan Khusus. Mudir : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 7(1), 67–75. Https://Doi.Org/10.55352/Mudir.V7i1.1512
- Kasman. (2020). Pendidikan Inklusif Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus. Jurnal Education And Development, 8.
- Kurniawan, M. R., Mustakim, I., Harto, K., & Suryana, E. (2023). Analisis Kritis Teori Belajar Sosiokultural Terhadap Karakter Sosial Komunikatif Siswa Di Era Digitalisasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education (JIME), Vol 9. Https://Doi.Org/10.58258/Jime.V9i1.5491/Http://Ejournal.Mandalanursa.Org/Index.Php/JIME
- Lutfio, M. I., Kapitang, F., Wijaya, M. I., Azizah, Y. L., & Husna, D. (2023). Penggunaan Teknologi Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Pada Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus. Jurnal Pendidikan, 32(1), 121–128. Https://Doi.Org/10.32585/Jp.V32i1.3489
- Mardiansah Mardiansah, Rizki Alvi Ramadhan, & Reni Suryani. (2024). Mengenal Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Dan Klasifikasinya. Ta’rim: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 164–170. Https://Doi.Org/10.59059/Tarim.V5i1.1013
- Mekarisce, A. A. (2020). Teknik Pemeriksaan Keabsahan Data Pada Penelitian Kualitatif Di Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(3), 145–151. Https://Doi.Org/10.52022/Jikm.V12i3.102
- Nur’aisah, E., Halawati, F., & Destiyanti, I. C. (2022). Pengembangan Teknologi Pembelajaran Tunanetra (Teptun) Berbasis Screan Reader NVDA Pada Mahasiswa Tunanetra. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 4.
- Nurhikmah, N., & Awalya, A. (2021). Pengembangan Pembelajaran Anak Penyandang Tunanetra Dengan Menggunakan Pembaca Layar NVDA Di Masa Pandemi Di SLB Al Imam Luwu. Jurnal Literasi Digital, 1(3), 186–191. Https://Doi.Org/10.54065/Jld.1.3.2021.62
- Popham, W. J. (2020). Classroom Assessment What Teachers Need to Know (9 Edition).
- Puspitarini, Y. D. (2019). Using Learning Media to Increase Learning Motivation In Elementary School. Anatolian Journal of Education, 4(2), 53–60. Https://Doi.Org/10.29333/Aje.2019.426a
- Putra, D. F., Sos, S., Si, M., Paff, M., Widodo, N., Ap, S., & Ap, M. (2021). Analisis Atas Pemaknaan Mahasiswa Tunanetra Dalam Penggunaan Screen Reader Pada Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Informasi Di Universitas Brawijaya.
- Romadiah, H., Dayurni, P., & Fajari, L. E. W. (2022). Meta-Analysis Study: The Effect Of Android-Based Learning Media On Student Learning Outcomes. International Journal of Asian Education, 3(4), 253–263. Https://Doi.Org/10.46966/Ijae.V3i4.300
- Salsabila, I., Meiliani, D., Maharani, S., & Lubis, R. N. (N.D.). Desain Penelitian Studi Kasus. 2025.
- Schunk, D. H. (2012). Learning Theories: An Educational Perspective (6th Ed). Pearson.
- Seechaliao, T. (2024). Instructional Strategies to Produce Educational Media Systematically. Journal of Education And Learning, 13(4), 121. Https://Doi.Org/10.5539/Jel.V13n4p121
- Utari, N. K. S. E. (2023). Penerapan Disiplin Positif Melalui Kesepakatan Kelas Untuk Meningkatkan Disiplin Belajar Pada Siswa Tunagrahita. Jurnal Pendidikan Inklusi Citra Bakti, 1(1), 11–19. Https://Doi.Org/10.38048/Jpicb.V1i1.2101
- Waruwu, M. (2023). Pendekatan Penelitian Pendidikan: Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Dan Metode Penelitian Kombinasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7, 2896–2910.
- Wicaksono, S. R. (2022). Teori Dasar Technology Acceptance Model. Zenodo. Https://Doi.Org/10.5281/ZENODO.7754254